The object of this study is Compared of Knee Alignment Index in high school students in Mazandaran Province. For this purpose, 150 subjects (75 males and 75 females) were randomly among people with lower limb structure intact Mazandaran Province were tested. In this study, according to knee examination Performa in genu valgum & genu varum knee examination, we have used of intermalleolar distance and intercondylar distance. The basic examination instrument is: Verner caliper made up of USA by 0.02 mm exactness and side instrument includes: transformed caliper and scaled blade of internal measurement. Datum’ analysis has been done by emphasis on determining the mean and standard deviation in age groups and confidence interval of 95% by the aid of SPSS22 software. The results showed that the index IM.IC boys and girls high school students there are a significant difference.

The purpose of this study comparing perspectives of managers and assistant’s production companies on barriers of sports sponsorship. Methods of research have been descriptive and survey studies. Population of this study were 168 of managing directors and deputies, of 70 major production companies, service and commercial that had ability to funding support in sports of Mazandaran. According to a Morgan table 118 individuals were randomly sampled. Tools for data collection, the questionnaire was of Rajabi by comparing the Likert five values that content and formal validity was calculated by twenty of academic experts and reliability with Cranach's alpha method. For normalize data were used of Kolmogorov–Smirnov test and also T-test, Friedman test in significance levels (p<0.05) and statistical software was used SPSS19. Data analysis showed that three barriers have had a significant effect of subjects the lack of support for sports. There are significant differences between the three barriers of support for sports. The important of funding support barriers of production companies in sports of Mazandaran province have been the following three factors such as advertising-management, socialeconomic and environmental-communication, respectively. But the perspectives of managers and assistants state-owned companies and private companies on all variables of interest in sports as sponsor's province there are no significant differences.

In the Bavanat area, a large number of ore showings and deposits of epigenetic Cu-dominant mineralization exists. Quartz lodes and/or mineralized fault breccias are preferentially hosted in the Surian Permo-Triassic volcano-sedimentary complex. Their development is intimately related to faulting of presumable post early-Cimmerian orogeny (Middle to Late Triassic time; 240–220 Ma). Theoretical considerations concerning Cu solubility in hydrothermal-metamorphic system suggest that metal deposition might have involved low to moderate saline fluids previously responsible for metal scavenging in metabasite rocks at ca. 320-395ºC and fO2< 10-40 (at pH = 4, aCl-≈ 3 and a(ΣS) = 0.001). Copper deposition as chalcopyrite is expected to occur at ca. 230-310ºC under 10-34< fO2< 10-29 as a result of different conditions.

The relationship of tourism with the environment is complex. The negative impacts of tourism development can gradually destroy environmental resources on which it depends. It must be planned to make balanced use of the resources of any site, thus avoiding negative effects, reducing visitor pleasure, or harmfully impacting the local society, economy and culture. There are some negative factors also to be considered, noise pollution, air pollution, chemicals and waste, solid waste and littering, negative impacts on wildlife, loss of biodiversity. There are many methodological approaches for measuring negative impacts of tourism. There are a number of critical issues facing each of the techniques for which a brief overview was provided. The issues presented and implied within this article will improve the practicality of negative impact studies to the tourism industry. In this paper, describe that the effects of tourism on natural resources and environmental pollution. In addition, we explain environmental impacts of tourism on global scale, industrial impacts on tourism and, finally, how tourism can contribute to environmental conservation.